Iritis (anterior uveitis)

This is a non-specific term that is used to denote an inflammation of the iris structure within the globe. Symptoms are pain, especially on looking at lights, and redness. Pain differentiates iritis from conjunctivitis (pink eye). The eye is red and tender to touch. With special instrumentation, inflammatory cells can be detected in the front part of the eye. Usually the pressure within the eye is lower but in occasional cases, it is elevated (secondary glaucoma).

The causes and systemic diseases associated with iritis are multiple and varied. They include rheumatoid arthritis, immunologic disorders, lupus, urinary tract infections, gastrointestinal disorders and trauma. Probably the largest category is “unknown”. In other words, we just do not know the cause. Unless there is a suspicion of some other associated abnormality, the condition is treated without extensive workup.

Treatment of iritis consists of drops to dilate the pupil (relieve the iris spasm) and steroid eye drops, usually for 1-3 weeks. The disease tends to be recurrent. If the iritis fails to respond to treatment or the recurrences are frequent, than a more extensive work-up is indicated.